How does diabetes affect the body

 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, in which the body's immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, and type 2 diabetes, in which the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough of it.


Here are some ways that diabetes can affect the body:

  1. Cardiovascular system: High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease.

  2. Nervous system: High blood sugar levels can damage the nerves, leading to a condition called diabetic neuropathy. Symptoms can include tingling, numbness, or pain in the hands, feet, or other parts of the body.

  3. Kidneys: High blood sugar levels can damage the kidneys, leading to diabetic nephropathy, a condition that can progress to kidney failure if left untreated.

  4. Eyes: High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to a condition called diabetic retinopathy. This can cause vision loss or blindness if left untreated.

  5. Immune system: High blood sugar levels can weaken the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections.

  6. Skin: High blood sugar levels can cause dry skin and slow wound healing, increasing the risk of infections.

  7. Feet: High blood sugar levels can cause nerve damage and poor circulation in the feet, increasing the risk of foot ulcers and infections.

Managing diabetes through diet, exercise, and medication can help reduce the risk of complications and improve overall health. It's important for people with diabetes to work closely with their healthcare team to develop an individualized treatment plan.

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